The Effects of Work Demands and Home Demands towards Quality of Work Life (QWL) among Administrators at Universiti Teknologi MARA

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the relationship between work and home demand toward the quality of work life (QWL) among administrative staff at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor. This study also aims to determine the QWL levels among UiTM administrative staff pertaining work and domestic responsibilities. There were four dimensions of independent and dependent variables, respectively. The independent variable consisted of work involvement, work role conflict, work overload and family conflict, while the dependent variable consisted of working environment, compensation, job security and organisational support. A quantitative method was used for data collection purposes for this study.  260 sets of questionnaires were distributed to administrative staff at UiTM Shah Alam, and 252 responses were recorded. The findings of this study indicate a significant and positive relationship between independent variables (Work and Home Demand) and dependent variables (QWL). Results from multiple regression analysis showed that work and home demands had profound influences on Organisational Support as compared to Job Security, Work Environment and Compensation. The study also indicated that only Work Involvement and Family Conflict had significant influences on the QWL, while the other variables (Work Load and Work Conflict) did not show significant effects on all proxies of QWL at all levels. It also revealed that in order to achieve the organisation’s mission, management must allow the employees to have a balanced QWL. Clear guidelines should be set by the organisation, allowing flexibility among workers while entrusting them with the element of empowerment through appropriate tools and technology. Monitoring, supervision and evaluation tools should be implemented in ensuring that the staff are performing their job efficiently and effectively.